Ultrasound-Guided Corticosteroid Injections
What are Corticosteroid Injections?
Corticosteroid injections are anti-inflammatory injections used to reduce pain, swelling, and inflammation in joints, muscles, tendons, and soft tissues. They contain a synthetic form of cortisol - a natural hormone produced by the adrenal glands - and are often combined with a local anesthetic to provide immediate and long-lasting pain relief.
When are Corticosteroid Injections Indicated?
Corticosteroid injections are indicated when pain and inflammation persist despite rest, medications, or physical therapy. They are commonly used for localized inflammatory conditions affecting joints, tendons, bursae, and soft tissues, such as:
- Osteoarthritis
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Bursitis
- Tendinitis
- Frozen shoulder
- Trigger finger
- Carpal tunnel syndrome
- Plantar fasciitis
- Gout (acute flare)
- Synovitis (joint lining inflammation)
How Should I Prepare for a Corticosteroid Injection?
Before a corticosteroid injection, inform your doctor about allergies, medications (especially blood thinners), diabetes, or infections. You may need to stop certain medicines temporarily. Avoid applying creams at the injection site on the day of treatment. Eat normally unless advised otherwise. Arrange transportation if you feel discomfort afterward. Follow all specific instructions given by your healthcare provider.
What Should I Expect During a Corticosteroid Injection?
During a corticosteroid injection, you will be positioned comfortably while the skin over the treatment area is cleaned. A local anesthetic may be applied to reduce discomfort. The doctor inserts a thin needle into the affected joint or soft tissue, sometimes using ultrasound guidance for accuracy. You may feel brief pressure or a stinging sensation. The medication is then injected, and the needle is removed. The procedure usually takes only a few minutes, and you can return home shortly afterward.
What Happens After Corticosteroid Injections?
After corticosteroid injections, rest the treated area for 24–48 hours and avoid strenuous activity. Mild pain or swelling may occur; apply ice if needed. Monitor for redness, fever, or worsening pain. Resume normal activities gradually. Follow your doctor’s advice on physical therapy and medications. Pain relief usually begins within a few days and may last weeks to months.
What are the Risks and Benefits of Corticosteroid Injections?
Benefits
- Rapid reduction of pain and inflammation
- Targeted treatment directly at the affected site
- Improved joint mobility and function
- Helps start or continue physical therapy comfortably
- May delay or avoid surgery
- Quick outpatient procedure with minimal downtime
Risks
- Temporary pain flare after injection
- Skin thinning or discoloration at the injection site
- Infection (rare)
- Tendon weakening or rupture (with repeated injections)
- Elevated blood sugar (especially in diabetics)
- Temporary facial flushing
When used appropriately and not too frequently, corticosteroid injections are generally safe and effective.
